- Prestation is the object of the obligation; it is the content. It is what the obligation is all about.
- Nagotiorum gestio takes place when a person voluntarily takes charge of another’s abandoned business or property without the owner’s authority.
- Solutio indebiti takes place when something is received when there is no right to demand it, and it was unduly delivered thru mistake.
- Quasi-delict is a negligent act or omission which causes harm or damage to the person or property of another, and thus exposes a person to civil liability in civil law jurisdictions, as if the act or omission was intentional.